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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/75779
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Effects of energy-restricted high-protein, low-fat compared with standard-protein, low-fat diets: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
Author: | Wycherley, T. Moran, L. Clifton, P. Noakes, M. Brinkworth, G. |
Citation: | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2012; 96(6):1281-1298 |
Publisher: | Amer Soc Clinical Nutrition |
Issue Date: | 2012 |
ISSN: | 0002-9165 1938-3207 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Thomas P Wycherley, Lisa J Moran, Peter M Clifton, Manny Noakes, and Grant D Brinkworth |
Abstract: | <h4>Background</h4>It is currently unclear whether altering the carbohydrate-to-protein ratio of low-fat, energy-restricted diets augments weight loss and cardiometabolic risk markers.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that compared energy-restricted, isocaloric, high-protein, low-fat (HP) diets with standard-protein, low-fat (SP) diets on weight loss, body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), satiety and appetite, and cardiometabolic risk factors.<h4>Design</h4>Systematic searches were conducted by using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify weight-loss trials that compared isocalorically prescribed diets matched for fat intake but that differed in protein and carbohydrate intakes in participants aged ≥18 y. Twenty-four trials that included 1063 individuals satisfied the inclusion criteria.<h4>Results</h4>Mean (±SD) diet duration was 12.1 ± 9.3 wk. Compared with an SP diet, an HP diet produced more favorable changes in weighted mean differences for reductions in body weight (-0.79 kg; 95% CI: -1.50, -0.08 kg), fat mass (FM; -0.87 kg; 95% CI: -1.26, -0.48 kg), and triglycerides (-0.23 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.33, -0.12 mmol/L) and mitigation of reductions in fat-free mass (FFM; 0.43 kg; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.78 kg) and REE (595.5 kJ/d; 95% CI: 67.0, 1124.1 kJ/d). Changes in fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, blood pressure, and total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol were similar across dietary treatments (P ≥ 0.20). Greater satiety with HP was reported in 3 of 5 studies.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Compared with an energy-restricted SP diet, an isocalorically prescribed HP diet provides modest benefits for reductions in body weight, FM, and triglycerides and for mitigating reductions in FFM and REE. |
Keywords: | Humans Hypertriglyceridemia Obesity Weight Loss Dietary Proteins Diet, Fat-Restricted Diet, Reducing Satiety Response Overweight Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Metabolic Syndrome |
Rights: | © 2012 American Society for Nutrition |
DOI: | 10.3945/ajcn.112.044321 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.044321 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 4 Obstetrics and Gynaecology publications |
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