Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/136997
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Motor cortical excitability and pre-supplementary motor area neurochemistry in healthy adults with substantia nigra hyperechogenicity |
Author: | Todd, G. Rae, C.D. Taylor, J.L. Rogasch, N.C. Butler, J.E. Hayes, M. Wilcox, R.A. Gandevia, S.C. Aoun, K. Esterman, A. Lewis, S.J.G. Hall, J.M. Matar, E. Godau, J. Berg, D. Plewnia, C. von Thaler, A.K. Chiang, C. Double, K.L. |
Citation: | Journal of Neuroscience Research, 2023; 101(2):197-292 |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Issue Date: | 2023 |
ISSN: | 0360-4012 1097-4547 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Gabrielle Todd, Caroline D. Rae, Janet L. Taylor, Nigel C. Rogasch, Jane E. Butler, Michael Hayes, Robert A. Wilcox, Simon C. Gandevia, Karl Aoun, Adrian Esterman, Simon J. G. Lewis, Julie M. Hall, Elie Matar, Jana Godau, Daniela Berg, Christian Plewnia, Anna-Katharina von Thaler, Clarence Chiang, Kay L. Double |
Abstract: | Substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity, viewed with transcranial ultrasound, is a risk marker for Parkinson's disease. We hypothesized that SN hyperechogenicity in healthy adults aged 50–70 years is associated with reduced short-interval intracortical inhibition in primary motor cortex, and that the reduced intracortical inhibition is associated with neurochemical markers of activity in the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). Short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation in primary motor cortex was assessed with paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in 23 healthy adults with normal (n = 14; 61 ± 7 yrs) or abnormally enlarged (hyperechogenic; n = 9; 60 ± 6 yrs) area of SN echogenicity. Thirteen of these participants (7 SN− and 6 SN+) also underwent brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate pre-SMA neurochemistry. There was no relationship between area of SN echogenicity and short-interval intracortical inhibition in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. There was a significant positive relationship, however, between area of echogenicity in the right SN and the magnitude of intracortical facilitation in the right (ipsilateral) primary motor cortex (p = .005; multivariate regression), evidenced by the amplitude of the conditioned motor evoked potential (MEP) at the 10–12 ms interstimulus interval. This relationship was not present on the left side. Pre-SMA glutamate did not predict primary motor cortex inhibition or facilitation. The results suggest that SN hyperechogenicity in healthy older adults may be associated with changes in excitability of motor cortical circuitry. The results advance understanding of brain changes in healthy older adults at risk of Parkinson's disease. |
Keywords: | motor cortex pre-supplementary motor area substantia nigra transcranial magnetic stimulation |
Rights: | © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
DOI: | 10.1002/jnr.25145 |
Grant ID: | http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DE180100741 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.25145 |
Appears in Collections: | Medicine publications |
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hdl_136997.pdf | Published version | 2.7 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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