Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2440/79128
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Type: Journal article
Title: ZC4H2 mutations are associated with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and intellectual disability through impairment of central and peripheral synaptic plasticity
Author: Hirata, H.
McMichael, G.
Haan, E.
MacLennan, A.
Yap, T.
Nguyen, L.
Shaw, M.
Gecz, J.
Citation: American Journal of Human Genetics, 2013; 92(5):681-695
Publisher: Univ Chicago Press
Issue Date: 2013
ISSN: 0002-9297
1537-6605
Statement of
Responsibility: 
Hiromi Hirata ... Gai McMichael ... Eric Haan, Alastair MacLennan ... Tzu Ying Yap ... Lam Son Nguyen, Marie Shaw ... Jozef Gecz ... et al.
Abstract: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is caused by heterogeneous pathologies leading to multiple antenatal joint contractures through fetal akinesia. Understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder is important for clinical care of the affected individuals and genetic counseling of the families. We thus aimed to establish the genetic basis of an AMC subtype that is associated with multiple dysmorphic features and intellectual disability (ID). We used haplotype analysis, next-generation sequencing, array comparative genomic hybridization, and chromosome breakpoint mapping to identify the pathogenic mutations in families and simplex cases. Suspected disease variants were verified by cosegregation analysis. We identified disease-causing mutations in the zinc-finger gene ZC4H2 in four families affected by X-linked AMC plus ID and one family affected by cerebral palsy. Several heterozygous females were also affected, but to a lesser degree. Furthermore, we found two ZC4H2 deletions and one rearrangement in two female and one male unrelated simplex cases, respectively. In mouse primary hippocampal neurons, transiently produced ZC4H2 localized to the postsynaptic compartment of excitatory synapses, and the altered protein influenced dendritic spine density. In zebrafish, antisense-morpholino-mediated zc4h2 knockdown caused abnormal swimming and impaired α-motoneuron development. All missense mutations identified herein failed to rescue the swimming defect of zebrafish morphants. We conclude that ZC4H2 point mutations, rearrangements, and small deletions cause a clinically variable broad-spectrum neurodevelopmental disorder of the central and peripheral nervous systems in both familial and simplex cases of both sexes. Our results highlight the importance of ZC4H2 for genetic testing of individuals presenting with ID plus muscle weakness and minor or major forms of AMC.
Keywords: Synapses
Cells, Cultured
Animals
Zebrafish
Humans
Mice
Arthrogryposis
Abnormalities, Multiple
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Nuclear Proteins
Immunoblotting
In Situ Hybridization
Pedigree
Zinc Fingers
Neuronal Plasticity
Haplotypes
Mutation
Female
Male
Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Chromosome Breakpoints
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Intellectual Disability
Rights: Copyright © 2013 The American Society of Human Genetics.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.03.021
Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.03.021
Appears in Collections:Aurora harvest
Cerebral Palsy Research Group publications
Obstetrics and Gynaecology publications

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