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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/7899
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Randomized, comparative trial of 20 micrograms vs 40 micrograms Engerix B vaccine in hepatitis B vaccine non-responders |
Author: | Goldwater, P. |
Citation: | Vaccine, 1997; 15(4):353-356 |
Publisher: | ELSEVIER SCI LTD |
Issue Date: | 1997 |
ISSN: | 0264-410X 1873-2518 |
Abstract: | Fifty-two adults who had previously received 4 x 20 micrograms doses of hepatitis B [Engerix-B] vaccine (appropriately administered into the deltoid muscle) and who had failed to develop detectable anti-HBs were randomized to receive a fifth dose of Engerix-B (either 20 micrograms or 40 micrograms) intramuscularly (deltoid). The participants were blinded as to the contents of the syringe. Anti-HBs was tested (by EIA) 3 months after the injection. Anti-HBs results from 45 non-responders were evaluable. Seven vaccinees were excluded; four of these on the basis of failure to have follow-up blood collected and three who were found to be anti-HBc positive (one HBsAg positive). Twelve of 22 (54.5%) of those receiving 20 micrograms of HB vaccine developed anti-HBs, whereas 10 of 23 (43.5%) who received 40 micrograms developed anti-HBs, showing no significant difference between the regimens. The mean geometric titres were 93 +/- 50 and 86 +/- 51 IU l-1, respectively. Vaccinee groups were well matched for age, sex and body mass index and the interval between injection and bleeding. Side-effects in those receiving the double (40 micrograms) dose were no different from those receiving the normal (20 micrograms) adult dose. On the basis of this study, a fifth dose of vaccine in non-responsive vaccinees is recommended. No significant advantage of 40 micrograms over 20 micrograms of vaccine was observed. Whilst smoking and obesity were common in this cohort of non-responders and probably contributed to the individuals primary non-responsive state, these factors had no unfavourable effect on response to a fifth dose of vaccine. |
Keywords: | Humans Hepatitis B Vaccines, Synthetic Hepatitis B Vaccines Hepatitis B Antibodies Body Mass Index Treatment Failure Immunization, Secondary Injections, Intramuscular Drug Administration Schedule Case-Control Studies Follow-Up Studies Adolescent Adult Middle Aged Female Male |
DOI: | 10.1016/S0264-410X(96)00202-2 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00202-2 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Paediatrics publications |
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