Barriers and facilitators to accessing Autism Spectrum Disorder services: A thematic analysis of the experiences of newly arrived families with culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia

Abstract

Families who are newly arrived in Australia and are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds (CALD) face unique challenges navigating the Australian healthcare system and accessing services. It is well established in the literature that conceptualisations of mental health vary according to cultural background, which presents unique challenges to service providers in countries such as Australia. However there is limited literature on these population’s experiences accessing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) intervention services in their new country. This qualitative study aimed to explore cultural understandings of ASD among newly arrived families with CALD backgrounds, as well as the barriers and facilitators to accessing ASD intervention services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 healthcare professionals currently practicing across Australia, specializing in ASD services. Thematic analysis identified six main themes including ‘culture impacts definitions and understandings of ASD, ‘culture may impact a range of clinical processes’, ‘being newly arrived to Australia impacts access to ASD services’, ‘interpreters are essential for service delivery when providing ASD services to newly arrived families with CALD backgrounds’, ‘cultural competency is essential for service delivery’ and ‘relationship developing is central to optimising the effectiveness of ASD service provision’. It is anticipated that the results will address gaps in the literature and inform culturally competent practice for healthcare practitioners providing ASD service to clients with CALD backgrounds who are newly arrived in Australia.